Add collisions

[autobotx343]

Describe your change:

• Add an algorithm?
• Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm?
• Add or change doctests? -- Note: Please avoid changing both code and tests in a single pull request.
• Documentation change?

Checklist:

• I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
• I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
• This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
• All new Python files are placed inside an existing directory.
• All filenames are in all lowercase characters with no spaces or dashes.
• All functions and variable names follow Python naming conventions.
• All function parameters and return values are annotated with Python type hints.
• All functions have doctests that pass the automated testing.
• All new algorithms include at least one URL that points to Wikipedia or another similar explanation.
• If this pull request resolves one or more open issues then the description above includes the issue number(s) with a closing keyword: "Fixes #ISSUE-NUMBER".

[diusazzad]

"Hey @autobotx343! Thanks for this contribution!

I noticed that the PR is currently marked with a "tests are failing" status. Have you had a chance to check the CI/CD logs to see which specific test is failing? If you need help debugging or understanding the error message, feel free to share the logs here, and I'd be happy to take a look!

[diusazzad]

just a few minor suggestions to make it even more robust:
Docstring Completeness: Everything is great, but could you add the Time and Space Complexity to the class/function docstrings? It’s a standard requirement for all algorithms in this repository.

[autobotx343]

@diusazzad, thank you for the feedback I have added time complexity and space complexity to the collisions.py file. Further I also contributed to the potential_energy.py file. I wanted to make that a separate pull request, but I am still new to contributing and had some issues with git.